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RUE

Ruta graveolens L

Description

Herbaceous, evergreen, rhizomatous erect plant, 80 cm high; branched stems. Rounded, strong and upright stem, with upper herbaceous branches, woody base and covered by a rough bark. In its distal ramifications is smooth, green and herbaceous. Fleshy, little, simple, scarcely petiolate leaves. Yellow or yellow-greenish flowers, disposed in corymbs situated in the ends of the branches, with elongate receptacle. They usually form terminal posies and except one, that of the center, with 5 petals disposed in circle, the remainders have 4 concave petals with very short teeth in the edges, persistent calyx. The fruit is a rounded capsule that, at the ripeness, has several black seeds. It belongs to the Rutaceae family.

The whole plant gives off a characteristic fetid smell produced by the essence which is contained in all its parts. As in the leaves as in sepals and petals, looked against the light, it is possible to observe essence as light, translucent points. The taste is spicy and bitter due to the oil of the leaves. The flavor of the leaves is slightly bitter, hot and sour but it is masked by the intense aroma which gives off.

It comes from the eastern Mediterranean and Asia Minor and we can find it in the Mediterranean regions, North Africa, Southeast of Europe, and in mild and hot zones. In Spain it is mainly found in the Mediterranean area. It grows spontaneously in sunny plains near the coast, on the edges of the roads, in waste and grazing lands, and more often it can also be grown in gardens. It blooms from May to September, more intensely in June-August. It is a heliophilous plant, which grows in broad daylight, although it also tolerates the partial shade. It prefers dry, rocky and sheltered areas. It is resistant to frost, tolerating up to -15 ° C.

Part used

Floral apexes. According to some authors, the whole plant can be used.

Indications

Internal use

  • Hemorrhoids, varicose veins, phlebitis, capillary fragility.
  • Dyspepsia, gastrointestinal spasms, diarrhea.
  • Amenorrhea, painful period.
  • Intestinal parasitosis- ascaridiasis, teniasis, enterobiasis, etc.
  • Some rue components present a potassium channel blocking action, therefore it has been suggested to use rue in treatments against multiple sclerosis.
  • It is used in homeopathy for tendinitis, periostitis, sprains, effects of traumas. Also eye strain.
External use
  • Dermatitis, vitiligo and leukoderma undergoing patients to controlled ultraviolet radiation.
  • Stomatitis, pharyngitis, etc.
  • To relieve the pain of arthritis and also for the treatment of soft tissue injuries such as bruises and sprains. Occasionally, rue oil is applied on the skin to improve arthritis pain and to treat tissue wounds. 
  • For its strong aroma the plant is very suitable to repel insects.

Bibliography

- Fitoterapia aplicada. J. B. Peris, G. Stübing y B. Vanaclocha. Colegio Oficial de farmacéuticos de Valencia 1995.

- Plantas medicinales. J. Fernández-Pola Cuesta. Ediciones Omega, S.A. Barcelona 1994.

- Plantas medicinales. Margarita Fernández y Ana Nieto. Ediciones EUNSA Pamplona. 1982.

- Fitoterapia. Vademecum de prescripción. B. Vanaclocha , S. Cañigueral. Editorial Masson. 4ª edición.

- Plantes Médicinales des Régions Tempérées. L. Bézanger-Beauquesne, M Pinkas, M tork, F Trotin. Maloine SA. 

- The Complete German Commission E Monographs. Therapeutic Guide To Herbal Medicines. Blumenthal. American Botanical Council. 1998.